Axes | Themes | EcoTypes
Going Deeper
EcoTypes is based on three successive ingredients: (1) axes, (2) themes based on these axes, and finally (3) EcoTypes based on these themes. Let’s look at each in turn.
Take the EcoTypes Survey
You’ll receive your own personalized report.
The report includes your axis and theme scores, and your EcoType, all detailed below.
Axes
Axes are the fundamental ideas of EcoTypes. There are twelve axes total: examples include Aesthetics, Ecosystems, Nature, Science, and Time. Some may strike you as surprising!…but all are relevant to how we approach environmental issues.
Each axis has two poles to express the full variety of opinion on each. The EcoTypes survey consists of two statements for each axis, one—often strongly worded—representing each pole, as a quick way to get your own opinion. You’ll see a summary of your results for each axis on the EcoTypes report you receive after completing the survey.
EcoTypes Axes
The fundamental building blocks of EcoTypes.
Wide range of axes, from Aesthetics to Time.
Each has two poles to express variety of opinion.

Themes
Themes are statistical combinations of axes that address a common big question and embody a key tension in how we approach environmental issues. The three themes are Place, Knowledge, and Action.
These themes were determined via factor analysis of thousands of responses to the EcoTypes survey over the last several years. Factor analysis combines similar axes based on the biggest differences among respondents.
Thus each theme also has two poles to express the key tension at its heart: nonhuman vs. human Place, old vs. new Knowledge, and small vs. big Action.
EcoTypes Themes
Statistical combinations of common axes from thousands of survey responses.
Three themes: Place, Knowledge, and Action.
Each addresses a big question and embodies a key tension in how we approach environmental issues.

EcoTypes
EcoTypes are patterns in theme scores—Place, Knowledge, and Action—among those who completed the survey. There are six common EcoTypes: in alphabetical order they include Earth Action, Ecoscience, Ecospirituality, Indigenous Justice, Science for Change, and Small Green Steps. There is also a seventh, Neutral EcoType for responses without strong theme preferences.
You can think of EcoTypes as frameworks: structured assumptions on issues of environment that inform how we understand, care, and act. Each is empirically defined by particular poles of two themes: for instance, Earth Justice represents a patterns in respondents who strongly support nonhuman Place and big Action.
These particular poles can be understood as attractors: differing idealizations of Place, Knowledge, and/or Action. For each, there was less of a statistical pattern for the third theme. This suggests that differing EcoTypes, and their idealized attractors, represent differing emphases, both in terms of themes and theme poles.
EcoTypes were initially determined by k-means cluster analysis of the theme scores of several thousand respondents between 2019-21. You can view a dynamic 3D graph of all responses for 2022 and how they fit into these seven EcoTypes.
There may be many EcoTypes out there—differing ways people approach environmental issues. These six represent the most common we’ve found among those who have completed the EcoTypes survey, but yours may be different!…take the survey and you will find out.
Going Deeper

Going Deeper With Axes/Themes/EcoTypes
You’ve just read about the three sequential components of EcoTypes, and how they are constructed. But this information may have raised questions in your mind.
What are you especially curious about at this point regarding axes, themes, and/or EcoTypes?